Waste  

Waste is increasingly being seen not as a problem, but as a valuable resource. Innovative technologies are transforming the way we manage and repurpose waste – from anaerobic digestion (AD) and gasification to algae-based treatment, recycling systems, and sewage-to-energy processes. These approaches support a circular economy by reducing landfill use, recovering energy, and turning waste materials into useful outputs. This section explores a range of methods helping to minimise environmental impact and promote sustainable resource management.